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中华人民共和国政府和委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国政府关于对所得和财产避免双重征税和防止偷漏税的协定(附:英文版本)
 
   中华人民共和国政府和委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国政府,愿意缔结关于对所得和财产避免双重征税和防止偷漏税的协定,达成协议如下:  第一条 人的范围  本协定适用于缔约国一方或者同时为双方居民的人。  第二条 税种范围  一、本协定适用于由缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局对所得和财产征收的所有税收,不论其征收方式如何。  二、对全部所得、全部财产或某项所得、某项财产征收的税收,包括对来自转让动产或不动产的收益征收的税收、由企业支付的工资或薪金总额征收的税收以及对资本增值征收的税收,应视为对所得和财产征收的税收。  三、本协定特别适用的现行税种是:  (一)在委内瑞拉:  1.公司所得税;  2.营业财产税;  (以下简称“委内瑞拉税收”)  (二)在中国:  1.外商投资企业和外国企业所得税;  2.个人所得税;  (以下简称“中国税收”)  四、本协定也适用于本协定签订之日后征收的属于增加或者代替现行税种的相同或者实质相似的税收。缔约国双方主管当局应将各自税法所作出的实质变动,在其变动后的适当时间内通知对方。  第三条 一般定义  一、在本协定中,除上下文另有解释的以外:  (一)“委内瑞拉”一语用于地理概念时是指委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国领土,包括其陆地领土、岛屿、湖泊、河流、内水及委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国所采用的直线基线以内的水域和领海,以及上覆空间,还包括根据其法律和国际法委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国行使主权权利或管辖权的专属经济区及其以外的大陆架。  (二)“中国”一语是指中华人民共和国;用于地理概念时,是指实施有关中国税收法律的所有中华人民共和国领土,包括领海,以及根据国际法,中华人民共和国拥有勘探和开发海底和底土资源以及海底以上水域资源的主权权利的领海以外的区域:  (三)“缔约国一方”和“缔约国另一方”的用语,按照上下文,是指委内瑞拉或者中国;  (四)“税收”一语按照上下文,是指委内瑞拉税收或者中国税收;  (五)“人”一语包括个人、公司和其他团体;  (六)“公司”一语是指法人团体或者在税收上视同法人团体的实体;  (七)“缔约国一方企业”和“缔约国另一方企业”的用语,分别指缔约国一方居民经营的企业和缔约国另一方居民经营的企业:  (八)“国际运输”一语是指在缔约国一方设有总机构的企业以船舶或飞机经营的运输,不包括仅在缔约国另一方各地之间以船舶或飞机经营的运输;  (九)“国民”一语是指:  1.任何具有缔约国一方国籍的个人;  2.任何按照缔约国一方现行法律建立的法人、合伙企业或团体;  (十)“主管当局”一语是指:  1.在委内瑞拉方面,国家海关税务总局或其授权的代表;  2.在中国方面,国家税务总局或其授权的代表。  二、缔约国一方在实施本协定时,对于未经本协定明确定义的用语,除上下文另有解释的以外,应当具有该缔约国适用于本协定的税种的法律所规定的含义。  第四条 居民  一、在本协定中,“缔约国一方居民”一语是指按照该缔约国法律,由于住所、居所、总机构所在地、管理机构所在地,或者其它类似的标准,在该缔约国负有纳税义务的人,还包括该缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局。  二、由于第一款的规定,同时为缔约国双方居民的个人,其身份应按以下规则确定:  (一)应认为是其有永久性住所所在缔约国的居民;如果在缔约国双方同时有永久性住所,应认为是与其个人和经济关系更密切(重要利益中心)所在缔约国的居民;  (二)如果其重要利益中心所在国无法确定,或者在缔约国任何一方都没有永久性住所,应认为是其有习惯性居处所在国的居民;  (三)如果其在缔约国双方都有,或者都没有习惯性居处,应认为是其国民所属缔约国的居民;  (四)如果其同时是缔约国双方的国民,或者不是缔约国任何一方的国民,缔约国双方主管当局应通过协商解决。  三、由于第一款的规定,除个人以外,同时为缔约国双方居民的人,应认为是其总机构所在缔约国的居民。  第五条 常设机构  一、在本协定中,“常设机构”一语是指企业进行全部或部分营业的固定营业场所。  二、“常设机构”一语特别包括:  (一)管理场所;  (二)分支机构;  (三)办事处;  (四)工厂:  (五)作业场所;  (六)矿场、油井或气井、采石场或者其它开采自然资源的场所。  三、建筑工地,建筑、装配或安装工程,或者与其有关的监督管理活动,仅以该工地、工程或活动连续超过九个月的为常设机构。  四、虽有本条上述规定,“常设机构”一语应认为不包括:  (一)专为储存、陈列或者交付本企业货物或者商品的目的而使用的设施;  (二)专为储存、陈列或者交付的目的而保存本企业货物或者商品的库存;  (三)专为另一企业加工的目的而保存本企业货物或者商品的库存;  (四)专为本企业采购货物或者商品,或者搜集情报的目的所设的固定营业场所;  (五)专为本企业进行其它准备性或辅助性活动的目的所设的固定营业场所。  (六)专为本款第(一)项至第(五)项活动的结合所设的固定营业场所,如果由于这种结合使该固定营业场所的全部活动属于准备性质或辅助性质。  五、虽有第一款和第二款的规定,当一个人(除适用第六款规定的独立代理人以外)在缔约国一方代表缔约国另一方的企业进行活动,有权并经常行使这种权力以该企业的名义签订合同,这个人为该企业进行的任何活动,应认为该企业在该缔约国一方设有常设机构。除非这个人通过固定营业场所进行的活动限于第四款的规定,按照该款规定,不应认为该固定营业场所是常设机构。  六、缔约国一方企业仅通过按常规经营本身业务的经纪人、一般佣金代理人或者任何其他独立代理人在缔约国另一方进行营业,不应认为在该缔约国另一方设有常设机构。但如果这个代理人的活动全部或几乎全部代表该企业,不应认为是本款所指的独立代理人。  七、缔约国一方居民公司,控制或被控制于缔约国另一方居民公司或者在该缔约国另一方进行营业的公司(不论是否通过常设机构),此项事实不能据以使任何一方公司构成另一方公司的常设机构。  第六条 不动产所得  一、缔约国一方居民从位于缔约国另一方的不动产取得的所得(包括农业或林业所得),可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、“不动产”一语应当具有财产所在地的缔约国的法律所规定的含义。该用语在任何情况下应包括附属于不动产的财产,农业和林业所使用的牲畜和设备,有关地产的一般法律规定所适用的权利,不动产的用益权以及由于开采或有权开采矿藏、水源和其它自然资源取得的不固定或固定收入的权利。船舶和飞机不应视为不动产。  三、第一款的规定应适用于从直接使用、出租或者任何其它形式使用不动产取得的所得。  四、第一款和第三款的规定也适用于企业的不动产所得和用于进行独立个人劳务的不动产所得。  第七条 营业利润  一、缔约国一方企业的利润应仅在该缔约国征税,但该企业通过设在缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业的除外。如果该企业通过设在该缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业,其利润可以在该缔约国另一方征税,但应仅以属于该常设机构的利润为限。  二、除适用第三款的规定以外,缔约国一方企业通过设在缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业,应将该常设机构视同在相同或类似情况下从事相同或类似活动的独立分设企业,并同该常设机构所隶属的企业完全独立处理,该常设机构可能得到的利润在缔约国各方应归属于该常设机构。  三、在确定常设机构的利润时,应当允许扣除其进行营业发生的各项费用,包括行政和一般管理费用,不论其发生于该常设机构所在国或者其它任何地方。但是,常设机构使用专利或者其他权利支付给企业总机构或该企业其他办事处的特许权使用费、报酬或其他类似款项,具体服务或管理的佣金,以及因借款所支付的利息(该企业是银行机构的除外)都不作任何扣除(属于偿还代垫实际发生的费用除外)。同样,在确定常设机构的利润时,也不考虑该常设机构从企业总机构或该企业其他办事处取得的特许权使用费、报酬或其他款项,具体服务或管理的佣金,以及贷款给该企业总机构或该企业其他办事处所获的利息(该企业是银行机构的除外,属于偿还代垫实际发生的费用除外)。  四、如果缔约国一方习惯于以企业总利润按一定比例分配给所属各单位的方法来确定常设机构的利润,则第二款规定并不妨碍该缔约国按这种习惯分配方法确定其应纳税的利润。但是,采用的分配方法所得到的结果,应与本条所规定的原则一致。  五、不应仅由于常设机构为企业采购货物或商品,将利润归属于该常设机构。  六、在上述各款中,除有适当的和充分的理由需要变动外,每年应采用相同的方法确定属于常设机构的利润。  七、利润中如果包括本协定其它各条单独规定的所得项目时,本条规定不应影响其它各条的规定。  第八条 海运和空运  一、以船舶或飞机经营国际运输业务所取得的利润,应仅在企业总机构所在缔约国征税。  二、船运企业的总机构设在船舶上的,应以船舶母港所在缔约国为所在国;没有母港的,以船舶经营者为其居民的缔约国为所在国。  三、第一款规定也适用于参加合伙经营、联合经营或者参加国际经营机构取得的利润。  第九条 联属企业  一、当:  (一)缔约国一方企业直接或者间接参与缔约国另一方企业的管理、控制或资本,或者  (二)同一人直接或者间接参与缔约国一方企业和缔约国另一方企业的管理、控制或资本,在上述任何一种情况下,两个企业之间的商业或财务关系不同于独立企业之间的关系,因此,本应由其中一个企业取得,但由于这些情况而没有取得的利润,可以计入该企业的利润,并据以征税。  二、缔约国一方将缔约国另一方已征税的企业利润,而这部分利润本应由该缔约国一方企业取得的,包括在该缔约国一方企业的利润内,并且加以征税时,如果这两个企业之间的关系是独立企业之间的关系,该缔约国另一方应对这部分利润所征收的税额加以调整,在确定上述调整时,应对本协定其它规定予以注意,如有必要,缔约国双方主管当局应相互协商。  三、第二款的规定不适用于财政欺诈。  第十条 股息  一、缔约国一方居民公司支付给缔约国另一方居民的股息,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、然而,这些股息也可以在支付股息的公司是其居民的缔约国,按照该缔约国法律征税。但是,如果收款人是股息受益所有人,则所征税款:  (一)如果受益所有人是直接拥有支付股息公司至少百分之十的公司(合伙企业除外),不应超过百分之五;  (二)其他情况下,不应超过百分之十。  本款不应影响对该公司支付股息前的利润所征收的公司利润税。  三、本条“股息”一语是指从股份或者非债权关系分享利润的权利取得的所得,以及按照分配利润的公司是其居民的缔约国法律,视同股份所得同样征税的其它公司权利取得的所得。  四、如果股息受益所有人是缔约国一方居民,在支付股息的公司是其居民的缔约国另一方,通过设在该缔约国另一方的常设机构进行营业或者通过设在该缔约国另一方的固定基地从事独立个人劳务,据以支付股息的股份与该常设机构或固定基地有实际联系的,不适用第一款和第二款的规定。在这种情况下,应视具体情况适用第七条或第十四条的规定。  五、缔约国一方居民公司从缔约国另一方取得利润或所得,该缔约国另一方不得对该公司支付的股息征收任何税收。但支付给该缔约国另一方居民的股息或者据以支付股息的股份与设在缔约国另一方的常设机构或固定基地有实际联系的除外。对于该公司的未分配的利润,即使支付的股息或未分配的利润全部或部分是发生于该缔约国另一方的利润或所得,该缔约国另一方也不得征收任何税收。  第十一条 利息  一、发生于缔约国一方而支付给缔约国另一方居民的利息,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、然而,这些利息也可以在该利息发生的缔约国,按照该缔约国的法律征税。但是,如果收款人是利息受益所有人,则所征税款:  (一)如果是银行机构,不应超过利息总额的百分之五;  (二)其他情况下,不应超过利息总额的百分之十。  三、虽有第二款的规定,发生于缔约国一方而支付给缔约国另一方政府的利息,应在该缔约国一方免税。“政府”一语:  (一)在中国方面,是指中国政府,并应包括:1.中国人民银行;  2.中国开发银行;  3.中国进出口银行:  4.中国农业银行;  5.缔约国双方主管当局随时协商同意的,由中国政府完全拥有的任何其他类似机构。  (二)在委内瑞拉方面,是指委内瑞拉政府,并应包括:  1.委内瑞拉中央银行;  2.缔约国双方主管当局随时协商同意的,由委内瑞拉政府完全拥有的任何其他类似机构。  四、本条“利息”一语是指从各种债权取得的所得,不论其有无抵押担保或者是否有权分享债务人的利润;特别是从公债、债券或者信用债券取得的所得,包括其溢价和奖金。由于延期支付的罚款,不应视为本条所规定的利息。  五、如果利息受益所有人是缔约国一方居民,在利息发生的缔约国另一方,通过设在该缔约国另一方的常设机构进行营业或者通过设在该缔约国另一方的固定基地从事独立个人劳务,据以支付该利息的债权与该常设机构或者固定基地有实际联系的,不适用第一款、第二款和第三款的规定。在这种情况下,应视具体情况适用第七条或第十四条的规定。  六、如果支付利息的人为缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局、或该缔约国居民,应认为该利息发生在该缔约国。然而,当支付利息的人不论是否为缔约国一方居民,在缔约国一方设有常设机构或者固定基地,支付该利息的债务与该常设机构或者固定基地有联系,并由其负担利息,上述利息应认为发生于该常设机构或固定基地所在缔约国。  七、由于支付利息的人与受益所有人之间或者他们与其他人之间的特殊关系,就有关债权所支付的利息数额超出支付人与受益所有人没有上述关系所能同意的数额时,本条规定应仅适用于后来提及的数额。在这种情况下,对该支付款项的超出部分,仍应按各缔约国的法律征税,但应对本协定其它规定予以适当注意。  第十二条 特许权使用费  一、发生于缔约国一方而支付给缔约国另一方居民的特许权使用费,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、然而,这些特许权使用费也可以在其发生的缔约国,按照该缔约国的法律征税。但是,如果收款人是特许权使用费受益所有人,则所征税款不应超过特许权使用费总额的百分之十。  三、本条“特许权使用费”一语是指使用或有权使用文学、艺术或科学著作,包括电影影片、无线电或电视广播使用的胶片、磁带的版权,专利、商标、设计或模型、图纸、秘密配方或秘密程序所支付的作为报酬的各种款项,或者使用或有权使用工业、商业、科学设备或有关工业、商业、科学经验的情报所支付的作为报酬的各种款项。  四、如果特许权使用费受益所有人是缔约国一方居民,在特许权使用费发生的缔约国另一方,通过设在该缔约国另一方的常设机构进行营业或者通过设在该缔约国另一方的固定基地从事独立个人劳务,据以支付该特许权使用费的权利或财产与该常设机构或固定基地有实际联系的,不适用第一款和第二款的规定。在这种情况下,应视具体情况适用第七条或第十四条的规定。  五、如果支付特许权使用费的人是缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局、或该缔约国居民,应认为该特许权使用费发生在该缔约国。然而,当支付特许权使用费的人不论是否为缔约国一方居民,在缔约国一方设有常设机构或者固定基地,支付该特许权使用费的义务与该常设机构或者固定基地有联系,并由其负担这种特许权使用费,上述特许权使用费应认为发生于该常设机构或者固定基地所在缔约国。  六、由于支付特许权使用费的人与受益所有人之间或他们与其他人之间的特殊关系,就有关使用、权利或情报支付的特许权使用费数额超出支付人与受益所有人没有上述关系所能同意的数额时,本条规定应仅适用于后来提及的数额。在这种情况下,对该支付款项的超出部分,仍应按各缔约国的法律征税,但应对本协定其它规定予以适当注意。  第十三条 财产收益  一、缔约国一方居民转让第六条所述位于缔约国另一方的不动产取得的收益,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、转让缔约国一方企业在缔约国另一方的常设机构营业财产部分的动产,或者缔约国一方居民在缔约国另一方从事独立个人劳务的固定基地的动产取得的收益,包括转让常设机构(单独或者随同整个企业)或者固定基地取得的收益,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  三、转让从事国际运输的船舶或飞机,或者转让属于经营上述船舶、飞机的动产取得的收益,应仅在该企业总机构所在缔约国征税。  四、转让第一款、第二款和第三款所述财产以外的其它财产取得的收益,应仅在转让者为其居民的缔约国征税。  第十四条 独立个人劳务  一、缔约国一方居民由于专业性劳务或者其它独立性活动取得的所得,应仅在该缔约国征税。但具有以下情况之一的,可以在缔约国另一方征税:  (一)在缔约国另一方为从事上述活动设有经常使用的固定基地。在这种情况下,该缔约国另一方可以仅对属于该固定基地的所得征税;  (二)在任何十二个月中在缔约国另一方停留连续或累计超过一百八十三天。在这种情况下,该缔约国另一方可以仅对在该缔约国进行活动取得的所得征税。  二、“专业性劳务”一语特别包括独立的科学、文学、艺术、教育或教学活动,以及医师、律师、工程师、建筑师、牙医师和会计师的独立活动。  第十五条 非独立个人劳务  一、除适用第十六条、第十八条、第十九条、第二十条和第二十一条的规定以外,缔约国一方居民因受雇取得的薪金、工资和其它类报酬除在缔约国另一方从事受雇的活动以外,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。在该缔约国另一方从事受雇的活动取得的报酬,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、虽有第一款的规定,缔约国一方居民因在缔约国另一方从事受雇的活动取得的报酬,同时具有以下三个条件的,应仅在该缔约国一方征税:  (一)收款人在财政年度开始或结束的任何十二个月中在该缔约国另一方停留连续或累计不超过一百八十三天;  (二)该项报酬由并非该缔约国另一方居民的雇主支付或代表该雇主支付;  (三)该项报酬不是由雇主设在该缔约国另一方的常设机构或固定基地所负担。  三、虽有本条上述规定,在缔约国一方企业经营国际运输的船舶或飞机上从事受雇的活动取得的报酬,应仅在该企业总机构所在缔约国征税。  第十六条 董事费  缔约国一方居民作为缔约国另一方居民公司的董事会成员取得的董事费和其它类似款项,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  第十七条 艺术家和运动员  一、虽有第十四条和第十五条的规定,缔约国一方居民,作为表演家,如戏剧、电影、广播或电视艺术家、音乐家或作为运动员,在缔约国另一方从事其个人活动取得的所得,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、虽有第七条、第十四条和第十五条的规定,表演家或运动员从事其个人活动取得的所得,并非归属表演家或运动员本人,而是归属于其他人,可以在该表演家或运动员从事其活动的缔约国征税。  三、虽有本条上述规定,作为缔约国一方居民的表演家或运动员在缔约国另一方按照缔约国双方政府的文化交流计划进行活动取得的所得,在该缔约国另一方应予免税。  第十八条 退休金和年金  一、除适用第十九条第二款的规定以外,因以前的雇佣关系支付给缔约国一方居民的退休金、年金和其它类似报酬,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  二、虽有第一款的规定,缔约国一方政府、其行政区或地方当局按照社会保险制度的公共福利计划支付的退休金、金和其它类似款项,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  第十九条 政府服务  一、(一)缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局对向其提供服务的个人支付退休金以外的薪金、工资和其他类似报酬,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  (二)但是,如果该项服务是在缔约国另一方提供,而且提供服务的个人是该缔约国另一方居民,并且该居民:  1、是该缔约国另一方国民;或者  2、不是仅由于提供该项服务,而成为该缔约国另一方的居民;  该项薪金、工资和其他类似报酬,应仅在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、(一)缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局支付或者从其建立的基金中支付给向其提供服务的个人的退休金,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  (二)但是,如果提供服务的个人是缔约国另一方居民,并且是其国民的,该项退休金应仅在该缔约国另一方征税。  三、第十五条、第十六条、第十七条和第十八条的规定,应适用于向缔约国一方、其行政区或地方当局举办的事业提供服务取得的薪金、工资和其他类似报酬和退休金。  第二十条 学生  一、学生或企业学徒是、或者在紧接前往缔约国一方之前曾是缔约国另一方居民,仅由于接受教育或培训的目的,停留在该缔约国一方,对其为了维持生活、接受教育或培训的目的收到的来源于该缔约国以外的款项,该缔约国一方应免予征税。  二、第一款所述学生或企业学徒取得的不包括在第一款的赠款、奖学金和劳务报酬,在接受教育或培训期间,应与其所停留国居民享受同样的免税、优惠或减税。  第二十一条 教师和研究人员  一、任何个人是、或者在紧接前往缔约国一方之前曾是缔约国另一方居民,经该缔约国一方教育当局批准,接受其大学或其他教育机构的邀请,主要是为了在该大学或机构从事教学、讲学或研究的目的,停留在该缔约国一方。对其由于在该大学或机构教学、讲学或研究取得的报酬,该缔约国一方应自其第一次到达之日起,两年内免予征税。  二、本条第一款的规定不适用于不是为了公共利益而主要是为某个人或某些人的私利从事研究取得的所得。  第二十二条 其它所得  一、缔约国一方居民取得的各项所得,不论在什么地方发生的,凡本协定上述各条未作规定的,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  二、第六条第二款规定的不动产所得以外的其它所得,如果所得收款人为缔约国一方居民,通过设在缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业,或者通过设在该缔约国另一方的固定基地在该缔约国另一方从事独立个人劳务,据以支付所得的权利或财产与该常设机构或固定基地有实际联系的,不适用第一款的规定。在这种情况下,应视具体情况分别适用第七条或第十四条的规定。  三、虽有第一款和第二款的规定,缔约国一方居民取得的所得,凡本协定上述各条未作规定,而发生在缔约国另一方的,也可以在该缔约国另一方征税  第二十三条 财产  一、第六条所指不动产为代表的财产,为缔约国一方居民所有并座落于缔约国另一方,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  二、缔约国一方企业设在缔约国另一方常设机构构成营业财产部分的动产,或者缔约国一方居民设在缔约国另一方从事独立个人劳务的固定基地所附属的动产为代表的财产,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。  三、缔约国一方企业从事国际运输的船舶、飞机以及附属于经营上述船舶、飞机的动产为代表的财产,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  四、缔约国一方居民的其他所有财产项目,应仅在该缔约国一方征税。  第二十四条 消除双重征税方法  一、在委内瑞拉,消除双重征税如下:  (一)委内瑞拉居民取得的所得,按照本协定的规定可以在中国征税时,委内瑞拉允许在对该居民就该项所得征收的委内瑞拉税额中扣除,扣除额等于就该项所得在中国缴纳的所得税额;  (二)本款第(一)项允许抵扣的税额不应超过可以在中国征税的那部分所得在扣除前计算的那部分委内瑞拉所得税额;  (三)按照本协定的规定,委内瑞拉居民取得的所得在委内瑞拉免税时,委内瑞拉在计算该居民其余所得的征税额时,仍然可以对已经免税的所得予以考虑。  二、在中国,消除双重征税如下:  中国居民从委内瑞拉取得的所得,按照本协定规定在委内瑞拉缴纳的税额,可以在对该居民征收的中国税收中抵免。但是,抵免额不应超过对该项所得按照中国税法和规章计算的中国税收数额。  第二十五条 无差别待遇  一、缔约国一方国民在缔约国另一方负担的税收或者有关条件,不应与该缔约国另一方国民在相同情况下,负担或可能负担的税收或者有关条件不同或比其更重。虽有第一条的规定,本规定也应适用于不是缔约国一方或者双方居民的人。  二、缔约国一方企业在缔约国另一方常设机构的税收负担,不应高于该缔约国另一方对其本国进行同样活动的企业。本规定不应理解为缔约国一方由于民事地位、家庭负担给予该缔约国居民的任何扣除、优惠和减免也必须给予该缔约国另一方居民。  三、除适用第九条第一款、第十一条第七款或第十二条第六款规定外,缔约国一方企业支付给缔约国另一方居民的利息、特许权使用费和其它款项,在确定该企业应纳税利润时,应与在同样情况下支付给该缔约国一方居民同样予以扣除。  四、缔约国一方企业的资本全部或部分,直接或间接为缔约国另一方一个或一个以上的居民拥有或控制,该企业在该缔约国一方负担的税收或者有关条件,不应与该缔约国一方其它同类企业的负担或可能负担的税收或者有关条件不同或比其更重。  五、虽有第二条的规定,本条规定应适用于各种税收。  第二十六条 协商程序  一、当一个人认为,缔约国一方或者双方所采取的措施,导致或将导致对其不符合本协定规定的征税时,可以不考虑各缔约国国内法律的补救办法,将案情提交本人为其居民的缔约国主管当局;或者如果其案情属于第二十四条第一款,可以提交本人为其国民的缔约国主管当局。该项案情必须在不符合本协定规定的征税措施第一次通知之日起,三年内提出。  二、上述主管当局如果认为所提意见合理,又不能单方面圆满解决时,应设法同缔约国另一方主管当局相互协商解决,以避免不符合本协定的征税。达成的协议应予执行,而不受各缔约国国内法律的时间限制。  三、缔约国双方主管当局应通过协议设法解决在解释或实施本协定时所发生的困难或疑义,也可以对本协定未作规定的消除双重征税问题进行协商。  四、缔约国双方主管当局为达成第二款和第三款的协议,可以相互直接联系。为有助于达成协议,双方主管当局的代表可以进行会谈,口头交换意见。  第二十七条 情报交换  一、缔约国双方主管当局应交换为实施本协定的规定所需要的情报,或缔约国双方关于本协定所涉及的税种的国内法律的规定所需要的情报(以根据这些法律征税与本协定不相抵触为限),特别是防止偷漏税的情报。情报交换不受第一条的限制。缔约国一方收到的情报应与按照该国国内法律取得的情报同样作密件处理,仅应告知与本协定所含税种有关的查定、征收、执行、起诉或裁决上诉有关的人员或当局(包括法院和行政管理部门)。上述人员或当局应仅为上述目的使用该情报,但可以在公开法庭的诉讼程序或法庭判决中公开有关情报。缔约国双方主管当局应通过磋商,确定有关情报交换,包括在必要情况下交换反避税情报的合适条件、方法和技术。  二、第一款的规定在任何情况下,不应被理解为缔约国一方有以下义务:  (一)采取与该缔约国或缔约国另一方法律和行政惯例相违背的行政措施;  (二)提供按照该缔约国或缔约国另一方法律或正常行政渠道不能得到的情报;  (三)提供泄露任何贸易、经营、工业、商业、专业秘密、贸易过程的情报或者泄露会违反公共政策(公共秩序)的情报。  第二十八条 外交代表和领事官员  本协定应不影响按国际法一般规则或特别协定规定的外交代表或领事官员的税收特权。  第二十九条 生效  缔约国一方应在完成为使本协定生效所必需的法律程序后,通过外交渠道、以书面形式通知对方。本协定应自后一方通知之日起生效,并将有效于:  (一)在本协定生效年度的下一个历年的一月一日或以后取得的所得源泉扣缴的税收;  (二)在本协定生效年度的下一个历年的一月一日或以后开始的纳税年度中征收的其他所得税和财产税。  第三十条 终止  本协定应一直有效,除非缔约国一方终止协定。缔约国任何一方可以在本协定生效之日起满五年后任何历年结束以前至少六个月,通过外交途径书面通知对方终止本协定。在这种情况下,本协定停止有效:  (一)在终止通知发出年度的下一个历年的一月一日或以后取得的所得源泉扣缴的税收;  (二)在终止通知发出年度的下一个历年的一月一日或以后开始的纳税年度中征收的其他所得税和财产税。  下列代表,经正式授权,已在本协定上签字为证。  本协定于二00一年四月十七日在加拉加斯签订,一式两份,每份都用中文、西班牙文和英文写成,所有文本具有同等效力。如解释上遇有分歧,应以英文本为准。  中华人民共和国政府  代表  金人庆(签字)  委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国政府  代表  路易斯·阿丰索·达维拉·加西亚  (签字)  agreementbetweeenthegovernmentofthepeople'srepublicofchinaandthegovernmentofthebolivarianrepublicofvenezuelafortheavoidanceofdoubletaxationandthepreventionoffiscalevasionwithrespecttotaxesonincomeandoncapital  thegovernmentofthepeople'srepublicofchinaandthegovernmentofthebolivarianrepublicofvenezuela,desiringtoconcludeanagreementfortheavoidanceofdoubletaxationandthepreventionoffiscalevasionwithrespecttotaxesonincomeandoncapital,haveagreedasfollows:  article1  personalscope  thisagreementshallapplytopersonswhoareresidentsofoneorbothofthecontractingstates.  article2  taxescovered  1.thisagreementshallapplytotaxesonincomeandoncapitalimposedonbehalfofacontractingstateorofitspoliticalsubdivisionsorlocalauthorities,irrespectiveofthemannerinwhichtheyarelevied.  2.thereshallberegardedastaxesonincomeandoncapitalalltaxesimposedontotalincome,ontotalcapital,oronelementsofincomeorofcapital,includingtaxesongainsfromthealienationofmovableorimmovableproperty,taxesonthetotalamountsofwagesorsalariespaidbyenterprises,aswellastaxesoncapitalappreciation.  3.theexistingtaxestowhichtheagreementshallapplyareinparticular.  a)inthecaseofvenezuela:  (i)thecorporateincometax;  (ii)thebusinessassetstax;  (hereinafterreferredtoas“venezuelantax”)  b)inthecaseofchina:  (i)theincometaxforenterpriseswithforeigninvestmentandforeignenterprises;  (ii)theindividualincometax.  (hereinafterreferredtoas“chinesetax”)  4.theagreementshallapplyalsotoanyidenticalorsubstantiallysimilartaxeswhichareimposedafterthedateofsignatureoftheagreementinadditionto,orinplaceof,theexistingtaxes.thecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesshallnotifyeachotherofanysubstantialchangeswhichhavebeenmadeintheirrespectivetaxationlawswithinareasonableperiodoftimeaftersuchchanges.  article3  generaldefinitions  1.forthepurposesofthisagreement,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires:  a)theterm“venezuela”means,initsgeographicalsense,theterritoryofthebolivarianrepublicofvenezuela,includingitslandterritory,islands,lakesandrivers, internalwatersandwatersincludedwithinthestraightbaselinesadoptedbythebolivarianrepublicofvenezuela,itsterritorialseaandtheairspaceovertheseareas,aswellastheexclusiveeconomiczoneandthecontinentalshelfbeyondtheexclusiveeconomiczone,overwhichthebolivarianrepublicofvenezuelaexercises,inaccordancewithitslegislationandinternationallaw,sovereignrightsorjurisdiction;  b)theterm“china”means,thepeople'srepublicofchina;whenusedingeographicalsense,meansalltheterritoryofthepeople'srepublicofchina,includingitsterritorialsea,inwhichthechineselawsrelatingtotaxationapply,andanyareabeyonditsterritorialsea,withinwhichthepeople'srepublicofchinahassovereignrightsofexplorationforandexploitationofresourcesofthesea-bedanditssub-softandsuperjacentwaterresourcesinaccordancewithinternationallaw;  c)theterms“acontractingstate”and“theothercontractingstate”meanvenezuelaorchinaasthecontextrequires;  d)theterm“tax”meansvenezuelantaxorchinesetax,asthecontextrequires;  e)theterm“person”includesanindividual,acompanyandanyotherbodyofpersons;  f)theterm“company”meansanybodycorporateoranyentitywhichistreatedasabodycorporatefortaxpurposes;  g)theterms“enterpriseofacontractingstate”and“enterpriseoftheothercontractingstate”meanrespectivelyanenterprisecarriedonbyaresidentofacontractingstateandanenterprisecarriedonbyaresidentoftheothercontractingstate;  h)theterm“internationaltraffic”meansanytransportbyashiporaircraftoperatedbyanenterprisewhichhasitsheadofficeinacontractingstate,exceptwhentheshiporaircraftisoperatedsolelybetweenplacesintheothercontractingstate;  i)theterm“national”means:  (i)anyindividualpossessingthenationalityofacontractingstate;  (ii)anylegalperson,partnershiporassociationderivingitsstatusassuchfromthelawsinforceinacontractingstate;  j)theterm“competentauthority”means:  (i)inthecaseofvenezuela,theintegratednationalserviceofcustomandtaxadministration(servicionacionalintegradodeadministraci6naduaneraytributaria-seniat),oritsauthorizedrepresentative;  (ii)inthecaseofchina,thestateadministrationoftaxation,oritsauthorizedrepresentative.  2.asregardstheapplicationoftheagreementbyacontractingstate,anytermnotdefinedthereinshall,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires,havethemeaningwhichithasunderthelawofthatcontractingstateconcerningthetaxestowhichtheagreementapplies.  article4  resident  1.forthepurposesofthisagreement,theterm“residentofacontractingstate”meansanypersonwho,underthetawsofthatstate,isliabletotaxthereinbyreasonofhisdomicile,residence,placeofheadoffice,placeofmanagementoranyothercriterionofasimilarnature,andalsoincludesthatstateandanypoliticalsubdivisionorlocalauthoritythereof.  2.wherebyreasonoftheprovisionsofparagraph1anindividualisaresidentofbothcontractingstates,thenhisstatusshallbedeterminedasfollows:  a)heshallbedeemedtobearesidentofthestateinwhichhehasapermanenthomeavailabletohim;ifhehasapermanenthomeavailabletohiminbothstates,heshall  bedeemedtobearesidentofthestatewithwhichhispersonalandeconomicrelationsarecloser(centreofvitalinterests);  b)ifthestateinwhichhehashiscentreofvitalinterestscannotbedetermined,orifhehasnotapermanenthomeavailabletohimineitherstate,heshallbedeemedtobearesidentofthestateinwhichhehasanhabitualabode;  c)ifhehasanhabitualabodeinbothstatesorinneitherofthem,heshallbedeemedtobearesidentofthestateofwhichheisanational;  d)ifheisanationalofbothstatesorofneitherofthem,thecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesshallsettlethequestionbymutualagreement.  3.wherebyreasonoftheprovisionsofparagraphiapersonotherthananindividualisaresidentofbothcontractingstates,thenitshallbedeemedtobearesidentofthestateinwhichitsheadofficeissituated.  article5  permanentestablishment  1.forthepurposesofthisagreement,theterm“permanentestablishment”meansafixedplaceofbusinessthroughwhichthebusinessofanenterpriseiswhollyorpartlycarriedon.  2.theterm“permanentestablishment”includesespecially:  a)aplaceofmanagement;  b)abranch;  c)anoffice;  d)afactory;  e)aworkshop;and  f)amine,anoilorgaswell,aquarryoranyotherplaceofextractionofnaturalresources.  3.abuildingsite,aconstruction,assemblyorinstallationprojectorasupervisoryactivityinconnectiontherewith,constitutesapermanentestablishmentonlyifsuchsite,projectoractivitylastsmorethanninemonths.  4.notwithstandingtheprecedingprovisionsofthisarticle,theterm“permanentestablishment”shallbedeemednottoinclude:  a)theuseoffacilitiessolelyforthepurposeofstorage,displayordeliveryofgoodsormerchandisebelongingtotheenterprise;  b)themaintenanceofastockofgoodsormerchandisebelongingtotheenterprisesolelyforthepurposeofstorage,displayordelivery;  c)themaintenanceofastockofgoodsormerchandisebelongingtotheenterprisesolelyforthepurposeofprocessingbyanotherenterprise;  d)themaintenanceofafixedplaceofbusinesssolelyforthepurposeofpurchasinggoodsormerchandiseorofcollectinginformation,fortheenterprise;  e)themaintenanceofafixedplaceofbusinesssolelyforthepurposeofcarryingon,fortheenterprise,anyotheractivityofapreparatoryorauxiliarycharacter.  f)themaintenanceofafixedplaceofbusinesssolelyforanycombinationofactivitiesmentionedinsub-paragraphsa)toe),providedthattheoverallactivityofthefixedplaceofbusinessresultingfromthiscombinationisofapreparatoryorauxiliarycharacter.  5.notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraphs1and2,whereaperson——otherthananagentofanindependentstatustowhomparagraph6applies——isactingonbehalfofanenterpriseandhas,andhabituallyexercises,inacontractingstateanauthoritytoconcludecontractsinthenameoftheenterprise,thatenterpriseshallbedeemedtohaveapermanentestablishmentinthatstateinrespectofanyactivitieswhichthatpersonundertakesfortheenterprise,unlesstheactivitiesofsuchpersonarelimitedtothosementionedinparagraph4which,ifexercisedthroughafixedplaceofbusiness,wouldnotmakethisfixedplaceofbusinessapermanentestablishmentundertheprovisionsofthatparagraph.anenterpriseofacontractingstateshallnotbedeemedtohaveapermanentestablishmentintheothercontractingstatemerelybecauseitcarriesonbusinessinthatotherstatethroughabroker,generalcommissionagentoranyotheragentofanindependentstatus,providedthatsuchpersonsareactingintheordinarycourseoftheirbusiness.however,whentheactivitiesofsuchanagentaredevotedwhollyoralmostwhollyonbehalfofthatenterprise,hewillnotbeconsideredanagentofanindependentstatuswithinthemeaningofthisparagraph.  thefactthatacompanywhichisaresidentofacontractingstatecontrolsoriscontrolledbyacompanywhichisaresidentoftheothercontractingstate,orwhichcarriesonbusinessinthatotherstate(whetherthroughapermanentestablishmentorotherwise),shallnotofitselfconstituteeithercompanyapermanentestablishmentoftheother.  article6  incomefromimmovableproperty  1.incomederivedbyaresidentofacontractingstatefromimmovableproperty(includingincomefromagricultureorforestry)situatedintheothercontractingstatemaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.theterm“immovableproperty”shallhavethemeaningwhichithasunderthelawofthecontractingstateinwhichthepropertyinquestionissituated.thetermshallinanycaseincludepropertyaccessory,toimmovableproperty,livestockandequipmentusedinagricultureandforestry,rightstowhichtheprovisionsofgenerallawrespectinglandedpropertyapply,usufructofimmovablepropertyandrightstovariableorfixedpaymentsasconsiderationfortheworkingof,ortherighttowork,mineraldeposits,sourcesandothernaturalresources.shipsandaircraftshallnotberegardedasimmovableproperty.  3.theprovisionsofparagraph1shallapplytoincomederivedfromthedirectuse,letting,oruseinanyotherformofimmovableproperty.  4.theprovisionsofparagraphs1and3shallalsoapplytotheincomefromimmovablepropertyofanenterpriseandtoincomefromimmovablepropertyusedfortheperformanceofindependentpersonalservices.  article7  businessprofits  1.theprofitsofanenterpriseofacontractingstateshallbetaxableonlyinthatstateunlesstheenterprisecarriesonbusinessintheothercontractingstatethroughapermanent establishmentsituatedtherein.iftheenterprisecarriesonbusinessasaforesaid,theprofitsoftheenterprisemaybetaxedintheotherstate,butonlysomuchofthemasisattributabletothatpermanentestablishment.  2.subjecttotheprovisionsofparagraph3,whereanenterpriseofacontractingstatecarriesonbusinessintheothercontractingstatethroughapermanentestablishmentsituatedtherein,thereshallineachcontractingstatebeattributedtothatpermanentestablishmenttheprofitswhichitmightbeexpectedtomakeifitwereadistinctandseparateenterpriseengagedinthesameorsimilaractivitiesunderthesameorsimilarconditionsanddealingwhollyindependentlywiththeenterpriseofwhichitisapermanentestablishment.  3.inthedeterminationoftheprofitsofapermanentestablishment,thereshallbeallowedasdeductionsexpenseswhichareincurredforthepurposesofthebusinessofthepermanentestablishment,includingexecutiveandgeneraladministrativeexpensessoincurred,whetherinthestateinwhichthepermanentestablishmentissituatedorelsewhere.however,nosuchdeductionshallbeallowedinrespectofamounts,ifany,paid(otherwisethantowardsreimbursementofactualexpenses)bythepermanentestablishmenttotheheadofficeoftheenterpriseoranyofitsotheroffices,bywayofroyalties,feesorothersimilarpaymentsinreturnfortheuseofpatentsorotherrights,orbywayofcommission,forspecificservicesperformedorformanagement,or,exceptinthecaseofabankingenterprise,bywayofinterestonmoneyslenttothepermanentestablishment.likewise,noaccountshallbetaken,inthedeterminationoftheprofitsofapermanentestablishment,foramountscharged(otherwisethantowardsreimbursementofactualexpenses),bythepermanentestablishmenttotheheadofficeoftheenterpriseoranyo{itsotheroffices,bywayofroyalties,feesorothersimilarpaymentsinreturnfortheuseofpatentsorotherrights,orbywayofcommissionforspecificservicesperformedorfor management,or,exceptinthecaseofabankingenterprisebywayofinterestonmoneyslenttotheheadofficeoftheenterpriseoranyofitsotheroffices.  4.insofarasithasbeencustomaryinacontractingstatetodeterminetheprofitstobeattributedtoapermanent establishmentonthebasisofanapportionmentofthetotalprofitsoftheenterprisetoitsvariousparts,nothinginparagraph2shallprecludethatcontractingstatefromdeterminingtheprofitstobetaxedbysuchanapportionmentasmaybecustomary;themethodofapportionmentadoptedshall,however,besuchthattheresultshallbeinaccordancewiththeprinciplescontainedinthisarticle.  5.noprofitsshallbeattributedtoapermanentestablishmentbyreasonofthemerepurchasebythatpermanentestablishmentofgoodsormerchandisefortheenterprise.  6.forthepurposesoftheprecedingparagraphs,theprofitstobeattributedtothepermanentestablishmentshallbedeterminedbythesamemethodyearbyyearunlessthereisgoodandsufficientreasontothecontrary.  7.whereprofitsincludeitemsofincomewhicharedealtwithseparatelyinotherarticlesofthisagreement,thentheprovisionsofthosearticlesshallnotbeaffectedbytheprovisionsofthisarticle.  article8  shippingandairtransport  1.profitsfromtheoperationofshipsoraircraftininternationaltrafficshallbetaxableonlyinthecontractingstateinwhichtheplaceofheadofficeoftheenterpriseissituated.  2.iftheplaceofheadofficeofashippingenterpriseisaboardaship,thenitshallbedeemedtobesituatedinthecontractingstateinwhichthehomeharbouroftheshipissituated,or,ifthereisnosuchhomeharbour,inthecontractingstateofwhichtheoperatoroftheshipisaresident.  3.theprovisionsofparagraph1shallalsoapplytoprofitsfromtheparticipationinapool,ajointbusinessoraninternationaloperatingagency.  article9  associatedenterprises  1.where  a)anenterpriseofacontractingstateparticipatesdirectlyorindirectlyinthemanagement,controlorcapitalofanenterpriseoftheothercontractingstate,or  b)thesamepersonsparticipatedirectlyorindirectlyinthemanagement,controlorcapitalofanenterpriseofacontractingstateandanenterpriseoftheothercontractingstate,andineithercaseconditionsaremadeorimposedbetweenthetwoenterprisesintheircommercialorfinancialrelationswhichdifferfromthosewhichwouldbemadebetweenindependententerprises,thenanyprofitswhichwould,butforthoseconditions,haveaccruedtooneoftheenterprises,but,byreasonofthoseconditions,havenotsoaccrued,maybeincludedintheprofitsofthatenterpriseandtaxedaccordingly.  2.whereacontractingstateincludesintheprofitsofanenterpriseofthatstate——andtaxesaccordingly——profitsonwhichanenterpriseoftheothercontractingstatehasbeenchargedtotaxinthatotherstateandtheprofitssoincludedareprofitswhichwouldhaveaccruedtotheenterpriseofthe\first-mentionedstateiftheconditionsmadebetweenthetwoenterpriseshadbeenthosewhichwouldhavebeenmadebetweenindependententerprises,thenthatotherstateshallmakeanappropriateadjustmenttotheamountofthetaxchargedthereinonthoseprofits.indeterminingsuchadjustment,dueregardshallbehadtotheotherprovisionsofthisagreementandthecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesshallifnecessaryconsulteachother.  3.theprovisionsofparagraph2shallnotapplyinthecaseoffiscalfraudulence.  article10  dividends  1.dividendspaidbyacompanywhichisaresidentofacontractingstatetoaresidentoftheothercontractingstatemaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.however,suchdividendsmayalsobetaxedinthecontractingstateofwhichthecompanypayingthedividendsisaresidentandaccordingtothelawsofthatstate,butiftherecipientisthebeneficialownerofthedividendsthetaxsochargedshallnotexceed:  a)fivepercentofthegrossamountofthedividendsifthebeneficialownerisacompany(otherthanapartnership)whichholdsdirectlyatleasttenpercentofthecapitalofthecompanypayingthedividends;  b)tenpercentofthegrossamountofthedividendsinallothercases.  thisparagraphshallnotaffectthetaxationofthecompanyinrespectoftheprofitsoutofwhichthedividendsarepaid.  3.theterm“dividends”asusedinthisarticlemeansincomefromsharesorotherrights,notbeingdebt-claims,participatinginprofits,aswellasincomefromothercorporaterightswhichissubjectedtothesametaxationtreatmentasincomefromsharesbythelawsofthestateofwhichthecompanymakingthedistributionisaresident.  4.theprovisionsofparagraphs1and2shallnotapplyifthebeneficialownerofthedividends,beingaresidentofacontractingstate,carriesonbusinessintheothercontractingstateofwhichthecompanypayingthedividendsisaresident,throughapermanentestablishmentsituatedtherein,orperformsinthatotherstateindependentpersonalservicesfromafixedbasesituatedtherein,andtheholdinginrespectofwhichthedividendsarepaidiseffectivelyconnectedwithsuchpermanentestablishmentorfixedbase.insuchcasetheprovisionsofarticle7orarticle14,asthecasemaybe,shallapply.  5.whereacompanywhichisaresidentofacontractingstatederivesprofitsorincomefromtheothercontractingstate,thatotherstatemaynotimposeanytaxonthedividendspaidbythecompany,exceptinsofarassuchdividendsarepaidtoaresidentofthatotherstateorinsofarastheholdinginrespectofwhichthedividendsarepaidiseffectivelyconnectedwithapermanentestablishmentorafixedbasesituatedinthatotherstate,norsubjectthecompany'sundistributedprofitstoataxonthecompany'sundistributedprofits,evenifthedividendspaidortheundistributedprofitsconsistwhollyorpartlyofprofitsorincomearisinginsuchotherstate.  article11  interest  1.interestarisinginacontractingstateandpaidtoaresidentoftheothercontractingstatemaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.however,suchinterestmayalsobetaxedinthecontractingstateinwhichitarisesandaccordingtothelawsofthatstate,butiftherecipientisthebeneficialowneroftheinterestthetaxsochargedshallnotexceed:  a)fivepercentoftheamountoftheinterestinthecaseofbanks;  b)tenpercentofthegrossamountoftheinterestinallothercases.  3.notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraph2,interestarisinginacontractingstateandpaidtothegovernmentoftheothercontractingstateshallbeexemptfromtaxinthefirst-mentionedstate.theterm“government”:  a)inthecaseofchina,meansthegovernmentofchinaandshallinclude:  (i)thepeople'sbankofchina;  (ii)thechinadevelopmentbank;  (iii)theexportandimportbankofchina;  (iv)theagriculturedevelopmentbankofchina;and  (v)anyothersimilarinstitutionwhollyownedbythegovernmentofchinaasmaybeagreeduponfromtimetotimebythecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstates.  b)inthecaseofvenezuela~meansthegovernmentofvenezuelaandshallinclude:  (i)thecentralbankofvenezuela;and  (ii)anyothersimilarinstitutionwhollyownedbythegovernmentofvenezuelaasmaybeagreeduponfromtimetotimebythecompetentauthoritiesof  thecontractingstates.  4.thisterm“interest”asusedinthearticlemeansincomefromdebt-claimsofeverykind,whetherornotsecuredbymortgageandwhetherornotcarryingarighttoparticipateinthedebtor'sprofits,andinparticular,incomefromgovernmentsecuritiesandincomefrombondsordebentures,includingpremiumsandprizesattachingtosuchsecurities,bondsordebentures.penaltychargesforlatepaymentshallnotberegardedasinterestforthepurposeofthisarticle.  5.theprovisionsofparagraphs1,2and3shallnotapplyifthebeneficialowneroftheinterest,beingaresidentofacontractingstate,carriesonbusinessintheothercontractingstateinwhichtheinterestarises,throughapermanentestablishmentsituatedtherein,orperformsinthatotherstateindependentpersonalservicesfromafixedbasesituatedtherein,andthedebt-claiminrespectofwhichtheinterestispaidiseffectivelyconnectedwithsuchpermanentestablishmentorfixedbase.insuchcasetheprovisionsofarticle7orarticle14,asthecasemaybe,shallapply.  interestshallbedeemedtoariseinacontractingstatewhenthepayeristhatstateitself,apoliticalsubdivisionoralocal authoritythereoforaresidentofthatstate.where,however,thepersonpayingtheinterest,whetherheisaresidentofacontractingstateornot,hasinacontractingstateapermanentestablishmentorafixedbaseinconnectionwithwhichtheindebtednessonwhichtheinterestispaidwasincurred,andsuchinterestisbornebysuchpermanentestablishmentorfixedbase,thensuchinterestshallbedeemedtoariseinthestateinwhichthepermanentestablishmentorfixedbaseissituated.  7.where,byreasonofaspecialrelationshipbetweenthepayerandthebeneficialownerorbetweenbothofthemandsomeotherperson,theamountoftheinterest,havingregardtothedebt-claimforwhichitispaid,exceedstheamountwhichwouldhavebeenagreeduponbythepayerandthebeneficialownerintheabsenceofsuchrelationship,theprovisionsofthisarticleshallapplyonlytothelast-mentionedamount.in suchcase,theexcesspartofthepaymentsshallremaintaxableaccordingtothelawsofeachcontractingstate,dueregardbeinghadtotheotherprovisionsofthisagreement.  article12  royalties  1.royaltiesarisinginacontractingstateandpaidtoaresidentoftheothercontractingstatemaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.however,suchroyaltiesmayalsobetaxedinthecontractingstateinwhichtheyariseandaccordingtothelawsofthatstate,butiftherecipientisthebeneficialowneroftheroyalties,thetaxsochargedshallno~exceedtenpercentofthegrossamountoftheroyalties.  3.theterm“royalties”asusedinthisarticlemeanspaymentsofanykindreceivedasaconsiderationfortheuseof,ortherighttouse,anycopyrightofliterary,artisticorscientificworkincludingcinematographfilms,orfilmsortapesforradioortelevisionbroadcasting,anypatent,trademark,designormodel,plan,secretformulaorprocess,orfortheuseof,ortherighttouse,industrial,commercial,orscientificequipment,orforinformationconcerningindustrial,commercialorscientificexperience.  4_theprovisionsofparagraphs1and2shallnotapplyifthebeneficialowneroftheroyalties,beingaresidentofacontractingstate,carriesonbusinessintheothercontractingstateinwhichtheroyaltiesarise,throughapermanentestablishmentsituatedtherein,orperformsinthatotherstateindependentpersonalservicesfromafixedbasesituatedtherein,andtherightorpropertyinrespectofwhichthe  royaltiesarepaidiseffectivelyconnectedwithsuchpermanentestablishmentorfixedbase.insuchcasetheprovisionsofarticle7orarticle14,asthecasemaybe,shallapply.5.royaltiesshallbedeemedtoariseinacontractingstatewhenthepayeristhatstateitself,apoliticalsubdivisionoralocalauthoritythereoforaresidentofthatcontractingstate.where,however,thepersonpayingtheroyalties,whetherheisaresidentofacontractingstateornot,hasinacontractingstateapermanentestablishmentorafixedbaseinconnectionwithwhichtheliabilitytopaytheroyaltieswasincurred,andsuchroyaltiesarebornbysuchpermanentestablishmentorfixedbase,thensuchroyaltiesshallbedeemedtoariseinthestateinwhichthepermanentestablishmentorfixedbaseissituated.  6.where,byreasonofaspecialrelationshipbetweenthepayerandthebeneficialownerorbetweenbothofthemandsomeotherperson,theamountoftheroyalties,havingregardtothe use,rightorinformationforwhichtheyarepaid,exceedstheamountwhichwouldhavebeenagreeduponbythepayerandthebeneficialownerintheabsenceofsuchrelationship,theprovisionsofthisarticleshallapplyonlytothelast-mentionedamount.insuchcase,theexcesspartofthepaymentsshallremaintaxableaccordingtothelawsofeachcontractingstate,dueregardbeinghadtotheotherprovisionsofthisagreement.  article13  capitalgains  1.gainsderivedbyaresidentofacontractingstatefromthealienationofimmovablepropertyreferredtoinarticle6andsituatedintheothercontractingstate,maybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2gainsfromthealienationofmovablepropertyformingpartofthebusinesspropertyofapermanentestablishmentwhichanenterpriseofacontractingstatehasintheothercontractingstateorofmovablepropertypertainingtoafixedbaseavailabletoaresidentofacontractingstateintheothercontractingstateforthepurposeofperformingindependentpersonalservices,includingsuchgainsfromthealienationofsuchapermanentestablishment(aloneorwiththewholeenterprise)orofsuchafixedbase,maybetaxedinthatotherstate.  3.gainsfromthealienationofshipsoraircraftoperatedininternationaltrafficormovablepropertypertainingtotheoperationofsuchshipsoraircraft,shallbetaxableonlyinthecontractingstateinwhichtheplaceofheadofficeoftheenterpriseissituated.  4.gainsfromthealienationofanypropertyotherthanthatreferredtoinparagraphs1,2and3,shallbetaxableonlyinthecontractingstateofwhichthealienatorisaresident.  article14  independentpersonalservices  1.incomederivedbyaresidentofacontractingstateinrespectofprofessionalservicesorotheractivitiesofanindependentcharactershallbetaxableonlyinthatstateexceptinoneofthefollowingcircumstances,whensuchincomemayalsobetaxedintheothercontractingstate:  a)ifhehasafixedbaseregularlyavailabletohimintheothercontractingstateforthepurposeofperforminghisactivities;inthatcase,onlysomuchoftheincomeasisattributabletothatfixedbasemaybetaxedinthatotherstate;  b)ifheispresentinthatothercontractingstateforaperiodorperiodsexceedingintheaggregate183dayswithinanytwelve-monthperiod;inthatcase,onlysomuchoftheincomeasisderivedfromhisactivitiesperformedinthatotherstatemaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.theterm“professionalservices”includesespeciallyindependentscientific,literary,artistic,educationalorteachingactivitiesaswellastheindependentactivitiesofphysicians,lawyers,en0gineers,architects,dentistsandaccountants.  article15  dependentpersonalservices  1.subjecttotheprovisionsofarticles16,18,19,20and21,salaries,wagesandothersimilarremunerationderivedbyaresidentofacontractingstateinrespectofanemployment shallbetaxableonlyinthatstateunlesstheemploymentisexercisedintheothercontractingstate.iftheemploymentissoexercised,suchremunerationasisderivedtherefrommaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraph1,remunerationderivedbyaresidentofacontractingstateinrespectofanemploymentexercisedintheothercontractingstateshallbetaxableonlyinthefirst-mentionedstateif:  a)therecipientispresentintheotherstateforaperiodorperiodsnotexceedingintheaggregate183daysinanytwelve-monthperiodcommentingorendinginthefiscalyearconcerned;and  b)theremunerationispaidby,oronbehalfof,anemployerwhoisnotaresidentoftheotherstate;and  c)theremunerationisnotbornebyapermanentestablishmentorafixedbasewhichtheemployerhasintheotherstate.  3.notwithstandingtheprecedingprovisionsofthisarticle,remunerationderivedinrespectofanemploymentexercisedaboardashiporaircraftoperatedininternationaltraffic,shallbetaxableonlyinthecontractingstateinwhichtheplaceofheadofficeoftheenterpriseissituated.  article16  directors'fees  directors'feesandothersimilarpaymentsderivedbyaresidentofacontractingstateinhiscapacityasamemberoftheboardofdirectorsofacompanywhichisaresidentoftheothercontractingstatemaybetaxedinthatotherstate.  article17  artistesandsportsmen  1.notwithstandingtheprovisionsofarticles14and15,incomederivedbyaresidentofacontractingstateasanentertainer,suchasatheatre,motionpicture,radioortelevisionartiste,oramusician,orasasportsman,fromhispersonalactivitiesassuchexercisedintheothercontractingstate,maybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.whereincomeinrespectofpersonalactivitiesexercisedbyanentertainerorasportsmaninhiscapacityassuchaccruesnottotheentertainerorsportsmanhimselfbuttoanotherperson,thatincomemay,notwithstandingtheprovisionsofarticles7,  14and15,betaxedinthecontractingstateinwhichtheactivitiesoftheentertainerorsportsmanareexercised.  3.notwithstandingtheprecedingprovisionsofthisarticle,incomederivedbyentertainersorsportsmenwhoareresidentsofacontractingstatefromtheactivitiesexercisedintheothercontractingstateunderaplanofculturalexchangebetweenthegovernmentsofbothcontractingstatesshallbeexemptfromtaxinthatotherstate.  article18  pensionsandannuities  1.subjecttotheprovisionsofparagraph2ofarticle19,pensions,annuitiesandothersimilarremunerationpaidtoaresidentofacontractingstateinconsiderationofpastemploymentshallbetaxableonlyinthatstate.  2.notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraph1,pensionsandannuitiespaidandothersimilarpaymentsmadebythegovernmentofacontractingstate,apoliticalsubdivisionoralocalauthoritythereofunderapublicwelfareschemeofthesocialsecuritysystemofthatstateshallbetaxableonlyinthatstate.  article19  governmentservice  1.a)salaries,wagesandothersimilarremuneration,otherthanapension,paidbyacontractingstateorapoliticalsubdivisionoralocalauthoritythereoftoanindividualinrespectofservicesrenderedtothatstateorsubdivisionorauthorityshallbetaxableonlyinthatstate.  b)however,suchsalaries,wagesandothersimilarremunerationshallbetaxableonlyintheothercontractingstateiftheservicesarerenderedinthatstateandtheindividualisaresidentofthatstatewho:  (i)isanationalofthatstate;or  (ii)didnotbecomearesidentofthatstatesolelyforthepurposeofrenderingtheservices.  2.a)anypensionpaidby,oroutoffundscreatedby,acontractingstateorapoliticalsubdivisionoralocalauthoritythereoftoanindividualinrespectofservicesrenderedtothatstateorsubdivisionorauthorityshallbetaxableonlyinthatstate.  b)however,suchpensionshallbetaxableonlyintheothercontractingstateiftheindividualisaresidentof,andanationalof,thatstate.  3.theprovisionsofarticles15,16,17and18shallapplytosalaries,wagesandothersimilarremuneration,andtopensions,inrespectofservicesrenderedinconnectionwithabusinesscarriedonbyacontractingstateorapoliticalsubdivisionoralocalauthoritythereof.  article20  students  1.paymentswhichastudentorbusinessapprenticewhoisorwasimmediatelybeforevisitingacontractingstatearesidentoftheothercontractingstateandwhoispresentinthefirst-mentionedstatesolelyforthepurposeofhiseducationortrainingreceivesforthepurposeofhismaintenance,educationortrainingshallnotbetaxedinthatstate,providedthatsuchpaymentsarisefromsourcesoutsidethatstate.  2.inrespectofgrants,scholarshipsandremunerationfromemploymentnotcoveredbyparagraph1,astudentorbusinessapprenticedescribedinparagraph1shall,inaddition,beentitledduringsucheducationortrainingtothesameexemptions,reliefsorreductionsinrespectoftaxesavailabletoresidentsofthestatewhichheisvisiting.  article21  teachersandresearchers  1.anindividualwhoisorwasimmediatelybeforevisitingacontractingstate,aresidentoftheothercontractingstateandwho,attheinvitationofauniversityorothereducationalinstitutionsituatedinthefirst-mentionedstateandapprovedbytheappropriateeducationalauthorityofthefirst-mentionedstatevisitsthefirst-mentionedstatefortheprimarypurposeofteaching,givinglecturesorconductingresearchatsuchuniversityorinstitutionshallbeexemptfromtaxbythefirst-mentionedstateontheincomefromhispersonalservicesforsuchteaching,lecturesorresearchatsuchuniversityorinstitutionforaperiodnotexceedingtwoyearsfromthedateofhisfirstarrivalinthefirst-mentionedstate.  2.theprovisionsofparagraph1ofthis,articleshallnotapplytoincomefromresearchifsuchresearchisundertakennotinthepublicinterestbutprimarilyfortheprivatebenefitofaspecificpersonorpersons.  article22  otherincome  1.itemsofincomeofaresidentofacontractingstate,whereverarising,notdealtwithintheforegoingarticlesofthisagreementshallbetaxableonlyinthatstate.  2.theprovisionsofparagraph1shallnotapplytoincome,otherthanincomefromimmovablepropertyasdefinedinparagraph2ofarticle6,iftherecipientofsuchincome,beingaresidentofacontractingstate,carriesonbusinessintheothercontractingstatethroughapermanentestablishmentsituatedtherein,orperformsinthatotherstateindependentpersonalservicesfromafixedbasesituatedtherein,andthe rightorpropertyinrespectofwhichtheincomeispaidiseffectivelyconnectedwithsuchpermanentestablishmentorfixedbase.insuchcasetheprovisionsofarticle7orarticle14,asthecasemaybe,shallapply.  3.notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraphs1and2,itemsofincomeofaresidentofacontractingstatenotdealtwithintheforegoingarticlesofthisagreementandarisingintheothercontractingstatemayalsobetaxedinthatotherstate.  article23  capital  1.capitalrepresentedbyimmovablepropertyreferredtoinarticle6,ownedbyaresidentofacontractingstateandsituatedintheothercontractingstate,maybetaxedinthatotherstate.  2.capitalrepresentedbymovablepropertyformingpartofthebusinesspropertyofapermanentestablishmentwhichanenterpriseofacontractingstatehasintheothercontractingstateorbymovablepropertypertainingtoafixedbaseavailabletoaresidentofacontractingstateintheothercontractingstateforthepurposeofperformingindependentpersonalservices,maybetaxedinthatotherstate.  3.capitalrepresentedbyshipsandaircraftoperatedininternationaltrafficandbymovablepropertypertainingtotheoperationofsuchshipsandaircraft,shallbetaxableonlyinthecontractingstateinwhichtheplaceofheadofficeoftheenterpriseissituated.  4.allotherelementsofcapitalofaresidentofacontractingstateshallbetaxableonlyinthatstate.  article24  methodfortheeliminationofdoubletaxation  1.invenezuela,doubletaxationshallbeeliminatedasfollows:  a)wherearesidentofvenezueladerivesincomewhich,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisagreement,maybetaxedinchina,venezuelashallallowasadeductionfromthevenezuelantaxontheincomeofthatresident,anamountequaltotheincometaxpaidinchina;  b)thedeductionallowedundersub-paragraph(a)ofthisparagraphshallnotexceedthatpartofthevenezuelanincometax,ascomputedbeforethedeductionisgiven,whichisattributabletotheincomewhichmaybetaxedinchina;  c)whereinaccordancewithanyprovisionofthisagreementincomederivedbyaresidentofvenezuelaisexemptfromtaxinvenezuela,venezuelamaynevertheless,incalculatingtheamountoftaxontheremainingincomeofsuchresident,takeintoaccounttheexemptedincome.  2.inchina,doubletaxationshallbeeliminatedasfollows:  wherearesidentofchinaderivesincomefromvenezuela,theamountoftaxonthatincomepayableinvenezuelainaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisagreement,maybecreditedagainstthechinesetaximposedonthatresident.theamountofthecredit,however,shallnotexceedtheamountofthechinesetaxonthatincomecomputedinaccordancewiththetaxationlawsandregulationsofchina.  article25  non-discrimination  i.nationalsofacontractingstateshallnotbesubjectedintheothercontractingstatetoanytaxationoranyrequirementconnectedtherewith,whichisotherormoreburdensomethanthetaxationandconnectedrequirementstowhichnationalsofthatotherstateinthesamecircumstancesareormaybesubjected.thisprovisionshall,notwithstandingtheprovisionsofarticle1,alsoapplytopersonswhoarenotresidentsofoneorbothofthecontractingstates.  2.thetaxationonapermanentestablishmentwhichanenterpriseofacontractingstatehasintheothercontractingstateshallnotbelessfavorablyleviedinthatotherstatethanthetaxationleviedonenterprisesofthatotherstatecarryingonthesameactivities.thisprovisionshallnotbeconstruedasobligingacontractingstatetogranttoresidentsoftheothercontractingstateanypersonalallowances,reliefsandreductionsfortaxationpurposesonaccountofcivilstatusorfamilyresponsibilitieswhichitgrantstoitsownresidents.  3.exceptwheretheprovisionsofparagraph1ofarticle9,paragraph7ofarticle11,orparagraph6ofarticle12,apply,interest,royaltiesandotherdisbursementspaidbyanenterpriseofacontractingstatetoaresidentoftheothercontractingstateshall,forthepurposeofdeterminingthetaxableprofitsofsuchenterprise,bedeductibleunderthesameconditionsasiftheyhadbeenpaidtoaresidentofthefirst-mentionedstate.  4.enterprisesofacontractingstate,thecapitalofwhichiswhollyorpartlyownedorcontrolled,directlyorindirectly,byoneormoreresidentsoftheothercontractingstate,shallnotbesubjectedinthefirst-mentionedstatetoanytaxationoranyrequirementconnectedtherewithwhichisotherormoreburdensomethanthetaxationandconnectedrequirementstowhichothersimilarenterprisesofthefirst-mentionedstateareormaybesubjected.  5.theprovisionsofthisarticleshall,notwithstandingtheprovisionsofarticle2,applytothetaxesofevery,kindanddescription.  article26  mutualagreementprocedure  1.whereapersonconsidersthattheactionsofoneorbothofthecontractingstatesresultorwillresultforhimintaxationnotinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisagreement,hemay,irrespectiveoftheremediesprovidedbythedomesticlawofthosestates,presenthiscasetothecompetentauthorityofthecontractingstateofwhichheisaresidentor,ifhiscasecomesunderparagraphiofarticle24,tothatofthecontractingstateofwhichheisanational.thecasemustbepresentedwithinthreeyearsfromthefirstnotificationoftheactionresultingintaxationnotinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheagreement.  2.thecompetentauthorityshallendeavour,iftheobjectionappearstoittobejustifiedandifitisnotitselfabletoarriveatasatisfactorysolution,toresolvethecasebymutualagreementwiththecompetentauthorityoftheothercontractingstate,withaviewtotheavoidanceoftaxationwhichisnotinaccordancewiththeagreement.anyagreementreachedshallbeimplementednotwithstandinganytimelimitsinthedomesticlawofthecontractingstates.  3.thecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesshallendeavourtoresolvebymutualagreementanydifficultiesordoubtsarisingastotheinterpretationorapplicationoftheagreement.theymayalsoconsulttogetherfortheeliminationofdoubletaxationincasesnotprovidedforintheagreement.  4.thecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesmaycommunicatewitheachotherdirectlyforthepurposeofreachinganagreementinthesenseofparagraphs2and3.  whenitseemsadvisableforreachingagreement,representativesofthecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesmaymeettogetherforanoralexchangeofopinions.  article27  exchangeofinformation  1.thecompetentauthoritiesofthecontractingstatesshallexchangesuchinformationasisnecessaryforcarryingouttheprovisionsofthisagreementorofthedomesticlawsofthecontractingstatesconcerningtaxescoveredbytheagreementinsofarasthetaxationthereunderisnotcontrarytotheagreement,inparticularforthepreventionofevasionofsuchtaxes.theexchangeofinformationisnotrestrictedbyarticle  1.anyinformationreceivedbyacontractingstateshallbetreatedassecretinthesamemannerasinformationobtainedunderthedomesticlawsofthatstateandshallbedisclosedonlytopersonsorauthorities(includingcourtsandadministrativebodies)concernedwiththeassessmentorcollectionoftheenforcementorprosecutioninrespectof,orthedeterminationofappealsinrelationto,thetaxescoveredbytheagreement.suchpersonsorauthoritiesshallusetheinformationonlyforsuchpurposes.theymaydisclosetheinformationinpubliccourtproceedingsorinjudicialdecisions.thecompetentauthoritiesshall,throughconsultation,developappropriateconditions,methodsandtechniquesconcerningthemattersinrespectofwhichsuchexchangesofinformationshallbemade,including,whereappropriate,exchangesofinformationregardingtax avoidance.  2.innocaseshalltheprovisionsofparagraph1beconstruedsoastoimposeonacontractingstatetheobligation:  a)tocarryoutadministrativemeasuresatvariancewiththelawsandadministrativepracticeofthatoroftheothercontractingstate;  b)tosupplyinformationwhichisnotobtainableunderthelawsorinthenormalcourseoftheadministrationofthatoroftheothercontractingstate;  c)tosupplyinformationwhichwoulddiscloseanytrade,business,industrial,commercialorprofessionalsecretortradeprocess,orinformation,thedisclosureofwhichwouldbecontrarytopublicpolicy(orderpublic)。  article28  diplomaticagentsandconsularofficers  nothinginthisagreementshallaffectthefiscalprivilegesofdiplomaticagentsorconsularofficersunderthegeneralrulesofinternationallaworundertheprovisionsofspecialagreements.  article29  entryintoforce  eachcontractingstateshallnotifyeachotherthroughthediplomaticchannelsinwrittenformofthecompletionoftheprocedurerequiredbyitslawfortheentryintoforceofthisagreement.thisagreementshallenterintoforcefromthedateofthelaterofthesenotificationsandshallthereuponhaveeffect:  a)inrespectoftaxeswithheldatsource,toincomederivedonorafterthefirstdayofjanuaryinthecalendaryearnextfollowingthatinwhichtheagreemententersintoforce;  and  b)inrespectofothertaxesonincome,andtaxesoncapital,toincomeorcapitalinanytaxableyearbeginningonorafterthefirstdayofjanuaryinthecalendaryearnextfollowing thatinwhichtheagreemententersintoforce.  article30  termination  thisagreementshallremaininforceuntilterminatedbyoneofthecontractingstates.eithercontractingstatemayterminatetheagreement,throughthediplomaticchannels,bygivingnoticeofterminationatleastsixmonthsbeforetheendofanycalendaryearfollowingaftertheperiodoffiveyearsfromthedateonwhichtheagreemententersintoforce.insuchevent,theagreementshallceasetohaveeffect:  a)inrespectoftaxeswithheldatsource,toincomederivedonorafterthefirstdayofjanuaryinthecalendaryearnextfollowingthatinwhichthenoticeofterminationisgiven;  b)inrespectofothertaxesonincome,andtaxesoncapital,toincomeorcapitalinanytaxableyearbeginningonorafterthefirstdayofjanuaryinthecalendaryearnextfollowingthatinwhichthenoticeofterminationisgiven.  inwitnesswhereoftheundersigned,dulyauthorizedthereto,havesignedthisagreement.  doneatcaracas,this17thdayofapril,2001,induplicateinthechinese,spanishandenglishlanguages,alltextsbeingequallyauthentic.incaseofanydivergenceofinterpretations,theenglishtextshallprevail.  forthegovernmentof      forthegovernmentof  thepeople'srepublicofchina  thebolivarianrepublicofvenezuela  jinrenqing          luisalfonsodavilagarcia  cormnissionerofstateministerofforeignaffairsadministrationoftaxation 

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